Attitudes and Behavior in Psychology

Attitudes and Behavior in Psychology January 10, 2020 More in Theories Social Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In psychology, an attitude refers to a set of emotions, beliefs, and behaviors toward a particular object, person, thing, or event.  Attitudes are often the result of experience or upbringing, and they can have a powerful influence over behavior.  While attitudes are enduring, they can also change. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell   Overview Whats your opinion on the death penalty? Which political party does a better job of running the country? Should prayer be allowed in schools? Should violence on television be regulated? Chances are that you probably have fairly strong opinions on these and similar questions. Youve developed attitudes about such issues, and these attitudes influence your beliefs as well as your behavior. Attitudes are an important topic of study within the field of social psychology. But what exactly is an attitude? How does it develop?   How Psychologists Define Attitudes Psychologists define attitudes as a learned tendency to evaluate things in a certain way. This can include evaluations of people, issues, objects,  or events. Such evaluations are often positive or negative, but they can also be uncertain at times. For example, you might have mixed feelings about a particular person or issue. Researchers also suggest that there are several different components that make up attitudes.?? The components of attitudes are sometimes referred to as CAB or the ABCs of attitude.Cognitive Component:  Your thoughts and beliefs about the subject.Affective Component:  How the object, person, issue, or event makes you feel.Behavioral Component:  How attitude influences your behavior. Attitudes can also be explicit and implicit. Explicit attitudes are those that we are consciously aware of and that clearly influence our behaviors and beliefs. Implicit attitudes are unconscious  but still have an effect on our beliefs and behaviors. Attitude Formation There are a number of factors that can influence how and why attitudes form. Experience Attitudes form directly as a result of experience. They may emerge due to direct personal experience, or they may result from observation. Social Factors Social roles and social norms can have a strong influence on attitudes. Social roles relate to how people are expected to behave in a particular role or context. Social norms involve societys rules for what behaviors are considered appropriate. Learning Attitudes can be learned in a variety of ways. Consider how advertisers use classical conditioning to influence your attitude toward a particular product. In a television commercial, you see young, beautiful people having fun on a tropical beach while enjoying a sports drink. This attractive and appealing imagery causes you to develop a positive association with this particular beverage. Operant conditioning can also be used to influence how attitudes develop. Imagine a young man who has just started smoking. Whenever he lights up a cigarette, people complain, chastise him, and ask him to leave their vicinity. This negative feedback from those around him eventually causes him to develop an unfavorable opinion of smoking and he decides to give up the habit. Finally, people also learn attitudes by observing the people around them. When someone you admire greatly espouses a particular attitude, you are more likely to develop the same beliefs. For example, children spend a great deal of time observing the attitudes of their parents and usually begin to demonstrate similar outlooks. Attitudes and Behavior We tend to assume that people behave according to their attitudes. However, social psychologists have found that attitudes and actual behavior are not always perfectly aligned.?? After all, plenty of people support a particular candidate or political party and yet fail to go out and vote. Factors That Influence Attitude Strength People are more likely to behave according to their attitudes under certain conditions: When your attitudes are the result of personal experience.When you are an expert on the subject.When you expect a favorable outcome.When the attitudes are repeatedly expressed.When you stand to win or lose something due to the issue. Attitudes Can Change to Match Behavior In some cases, people may actually alter their attitudes in order to better align them with their behavior. Cognitive dissonance is a phenomenon in which a person experiences psychological distress due to conflicting thoughts or beliefs.?? In order to reduce this tension, people may change their attitudes to reflect their other beliefs or actual behaviors. Cognitive Dissonance and Ways to Resolve It An Example of Changing an Attitude Due to Cognitive Dissonance Imagine the following situation: Youve always placed a high value on financial security, but you start dating someone who is very financially unstable. In order to reduce the tension caused by the conflicting beliefs and behavior, you have two options. You can end the relationship and seek out a partner who is more financially secure, or you can de-emphasize fiscal stability importance. In order to minimize the dissonance between your conflicting attitude and behavior, you either have to change the attitude or change your actions. Attitude Change While attitudes can have a powerful effect on behavior, they are not set in stone. The same influences that lead to attitude formation can also create attitude change.?? Learning Theory of Attitude Change: Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning can be used to bring about attitude change. Classical conditioning can be used to create positive emotional reactions to an object, person, or event by associating positive feelings with the target object. Operant conditioning can be used to strengthen desirable attitudes and weaken undesirable ones. People can also change their attitudes after observing the behavior of others.Elaboration Likelihood Theory of Attitude Change: This theory of persuasion suggests that people can alter their attitudes in two ways. First, they can be motivated to listen and think about the message, thus leading to an attitude shift. Or, they might be influenced by the characteristics of the speaker, leading to a temporary or surface shift in attitude. Messages that are thought-provoking and that appeal to logic are more likely to lead to permanent changes in attitudes.Dissonance Theory of Attitude Change: As mentioned earlier, people can also change their attitudes when they have conflicting beliefs about a topic. In order to reduce the tension created by these incompatible beliefs, people often shift their attitudes.

Sample Narrative Essay Topics And Paragraphs

<h1>Sample Narrative Essay Topics And Paragraphs</h1><p>If you are searching for test account paper themes then you will be glad to realize that these points are not hard to track down. You can undoubtedly peruse the web for online sources where you can look into test paper points and see test sections to give you a thought of how well they will convert into a composed piece.</p><p></p><p>It is significant that you realize that an example passage won't really make your exposition great, in certainty it might be the specific inverse. In any case, having a couple of test pieces will permit you to see the contrasts between the examples with the goal that you can abstain from making comparable mistakes.</p><p></p><p>Having a gander at a couple of test pieces will assist you with perceiving how these example pieces are organized and which ones stream superior to other people. The equivalent goes for the example passages. Yo u will have the option to tell precisely what works and what doesn't by perusing them.</p><p></p><p>Before you begin to compose any of your own examples, you should explore how various sources are organized. You should ensure that you know how you need your story to end and how it is introduced to the peruser. This is significant on the grounds that this will advise the structure regarding your account essay.</p><p></p><p>For model, in the event that you are composing an example for secondary school understudies, at that point you should attempt to compose a sentence that contains an inquiry and an answer. You may likewise need to include a tad of data to your perusers, for example, saying what number of individuals were available in the group that day, the climate at that point or the shade of the garments that individuals were wearing. As should be obvious, these are only a couple of models that you can utilize when you are searching for test story article topics.</p><p></p><p>It is consistently a smart thought to do a tad of exploration before you start composing your account paper. Recollect that you are composing for your school or college so you should show your composing aptitudes. Composing an example passage will assist you with getting a thought of how much work you have to place into your article and to what extent the paper will take to wrap up. This will likewise assist you with knowing what number of words per passage and what number of sentences per section you have to write.</p><p></p><p>These are only a couple of instances of test paper subjects and test sections that you can utilize. Ideally this will assist you with beginning on your next article!</p>

Essay on College - Should College Be Free?

<h1>Essay on College - Should College Be Free?</h1><p>A school training ought to be an incredible advantage for you and it's not the sort of thing that you ought to have the option to pick with regards to school educational cost. Regardless of how hard you function and do quite a few things, an advanced degree is rarely free. You ought to be extremely aware of this.</p><p></p><p>There is definitely no chance that you can get an advanced degree without paying for probably a portion of the full school educational cost. There are numerous individuals who are in the red and don't have a higher education since they couldn't figure out how to pay for it. They felt free to return to class for it and found that they couldn't find an all day line of work without an advanced education. They were in this manner compelled to return to class again and figure out how to get a school degree.</p><p></p><p>Now these are a portion of th e reasons why it is essential to get a decent secondary school training and to likewise have some advanced degree before you begin considering returning to class for your degree. It can assist you with getting yourself a progressively steady and secure future monetarily. In the event that you can get a better than average secondary school training and some advanced degree you will find that the cash that you make currently can go a long way.</p><p></p><p>Now, the paper that you composed might be an incredible method to assist you with doing this. It's constantly a smart thought to compose a paper on a subject that you feel energetic about. On the off chance that you compose a paper regarding a matter that you are enthusiastic about, you will have the option to interface with it such that you can communicate without a great deal of hesitation.</p><p></p><p>One of the manners in which that you can compose an article for your advanced deg ree is to concentrate on a specific viewpoint that you believe is a significant piece of an advanced degree. It is basic that you investigate your own interests and what they are. On the off chance that you don'talready think about the subject, you ought to think about setting aside the effort to look into the subject and gain proficiency with all that you can about it.</p><p></p><p>There are a variety of points that you can expound on. Perhaps the best subject is a history point. You should consider the past of your family and your progenitors. This can give you a decent understanding into a subject that is significant for your education.</p><p></p><p>Another thought for composing a paper is to discover something that you are extremely energetic about. You should ensure that you can compose well regarding this matter and that you are fit for communicating on this subject. You can discover a ton of extraordinary thoughts for exposition themes from books, magazines, and online sources. You should attempt to discover these sources and afterward use them as your hotspot for your essay.</p><p></p><p>The exposition that you composed for your advanced degree can give you some generally excellent tips on the best way to plan for this program. At the point when you set aside the effort to compose this paper, you will have the option to have more achievement in your instructive profession. It is significant that you compose your paper well so you will have the option to come out the opposite side of it with the ideal score on your test.</p>

Same Sex Marriage Essay Topics

Same Sex Marriage Essay TopicsWhen it comes to writing an essay about same sex marriage, there are many topic choices and writing styles that students will have to contend with. In fact, the number of essay topics is only limited by the student's creativity. For example, the topic can be anything from a hypothetical letter to your mother (when she was a lesbian) or a letter to your dad.The first step in selecting a topic is to determine what the purpose of the essay is. Are you writing about a straight friend or relative? This is a question you will need to ask yourself before selecting a topic.May I submit this essay anonymously? The answer to this question will affect your decision on whether you are writing an essay about the relationship between gays and lesbians or a personal essay or coming out story. It is also important to determine if the topic of your essay is confidential and therefore can only be submitted anonymously.Once you know the purpose and the confidentiality of t he possible topic, it is time to select a topic. Again, this is a question you will need to ask yourself and your writing resource. For example, if you are writing an essay on your family history you may want to talk about how your mother's gay experiences shaped you as a child. Or if you are writing about your own family you may want to relate how your gay father shaped you as a child.So if you are a parent or have been a parent, there is a chance that you have either experienced the gay culture or were influenced by a gay friend. In order to write an essay on gay culture and its influence on society and individuals, the essay topic must be based on facts and personal experience. Some examples of these facts and experiences would be things like AIDS or how one's religion impacts life. These are examples of the kinds of issues that are best addressed with personal essays and notwith research essays.The second aspect of the essay is to focus on the impact of the gay lifestyle on indi viduals. The topic of this is best approached with a personal essay. To do this, you must determine how you came to identify as gay. Perhaps your mother introduced you to the idea and you knew from an early age that you were gay.You may have received information in general school lessons on how homosexuals are socially or sexually abnormal. This may have led to the question 'what the heck is wrong with gays?' and resulted in a deeper desire to explore the issue through the written medium.If you have identified as gay at an earlier point in your life, then the journey of discovering the 'gay identity' will serve as the focus of your essay. On the other hand, if you have not yet identified as gay, you will have to do research to define your sexual orientation. This research can be done in numerous ways, such as reading books, watching movies, and talking to people about their experiences and feelings on the subject.